Description

A multi-state button.

Some Important Issues Regarding Button

Failure to set any states at all results in an invisible button.

The button performs its action upon releasing the mouse. In musical contexts, you might want to use mouseDownAction_() to set a function to be performed on pressing the mouse (see View, and examples below).

If the drag contains a number, then valueAction_() is performed using the currentDrag. If the drag contains anything else, action is set to the current drag. You could, for example, drag a function to a Button, and action would then be set to that function.

Class Methods

Button.new(parent, bounds)

Inherited class methods

Undocumented class methods

Button.qtClass

Instance Methods

.states

.states = stateArray

.value

.value = argVal

.valueAction = anInt

.string

.string = string

.font

.font = aFont

Subclassing and Internal Methods

The following methods are usually not used directly or are called by a primitive. Programmers can still call or override these as needed.

.doAction(modifiers)

.defaultKeyDownAction(char, modifiers, unicode, keycode, key)

.properties

.defaultGetDrag

.defaultCanReceiveDrag

.defaultReceiveDrag

Inherited instance methods

Undocumented instance methods

.action

.action = func

.icon = image

.iconSize

.iconSize = size

.menu

.menu = menu

Examples

( w = Window.new("Example"); b = Button(w, Rect(90, 20, 200, 30)) .states_([ ["sine", Color.black, Color.rand], ["saw", Color.black, Color.rand], ["noise", Color.black, Color.rand], ["pulse", Color.black, Color.rand] ]) .action_({ arg butt; butt.value.postln; }); w.front; ) // does not do action b.value = 2; // does action if it results in a change of value b.valueAction = 3; // clips to size of states b.valueAction = -1; // floats no problem b.valueAction = 3.3;

In a musical context, a button-down press is more meaningful than a button-up (release) as it's more intuitive to press a button on the beat. For that you can use View's View: -mouseDownAction (a superclass of Button).( s.waitForBoot({ w = Window.new; b = Button(w, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .states_([["play", Color.black, Color.rand]]) .mouseDownAction_({ a = {EnvGen.kr(Env.adsr, doneAction: Done.freeSelf) * SinOsc.ar(440, 0, 0.4)}.play; }) .action_({ arg butt, mod; a.release(0.3); }); w.front; }) )

If you drag a function to a button, the button's action is set to that function. you can us this for swapping functions.( s.waitForBoot({ var w, p, snd, b; w = Window.new; b = Button(w, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .states_([["start a sound", Color.black, Color.green], ["stop", Color.black, Color.red]]) .action_({}); v = VLayoutView(w, Rect(140, 20, 200, 300)); //Group the following views StaticText(v, Rect(20, 20, 180, 60)) .string_("The button does nothing at first, so try dragging a function to the button"); DragSource(v, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .object_( {|b| (b.value == 1).if{ snd = { SinOsc.ar(440,0,0.6) }.play} { snd.free }; } //a button action function ) .string_("a play sine function").align_(\center).background_(Color.rand); DragSource(v, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .object_( {|b| (b.value == 1).if{ snd = { Saw.ar(440,0.4) }.play} { snd.free }; } //a button action function ) .string_("a play saw function").align_(\center).background_(Color.rand); DragSource(v, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .object_( {|b| (b.value == 1).if{ snd = { WhiteNoise.ar(0.4) }.play } { snd.free }; } //a button action function ) .string_("a play noise function").align_(\center).background_(Color.rand); p = CmdPeriod.add({ b.value_(0) }); // set button to 0 on hitting Cmd-period w.onClose_{ snd.free; CmdPeriod.removeAll };//clean up when window is closed w.front; }) )

Using Routine to set button states on the fly.( var update, w, b; w = Window.new("State Window", Rect(150,Window.screenBounds.height - 140, 380, 60)); // a convenient way to set the button label update = { |but, string| but.states = [[string.asString, Color.black, Color.red]]; but.refresh; }; b = Button(w, Rect(10, 10, 360, 40)); b.font_(Font("Impact", 24)); update.value(b, "there is only one state"); // if an action should do something different each time it is called, a routine is the // right thing to use. This is better than creating variables outside and setting them // from the action function to keep state from one action to the next b.action_(Routine { |butt| rrand(15, 45).do { |i| update.value(butt, "%. there is still only 1 state".format(i + 2)); 0.yield; // stop here }; w.close; }); w.front; )

Using Routine to set button states on the fly 2.( s.waitForBoot({ var update, w, b; w = Window.new("State Window", Rect(150, Window.screenBounds.height - 140, 380, 60)); // a convenient way to set the button label update = { |but, string| but.states = [[string.asString, Color.black, Color.red]]; but.refresh }; b = Button(w, Rect(10, 10, 360, 40)); b.font_(Font("Impact", 24)); update.value(b, "there is only one state"); // if an action should do something different each time it is called, a routine is the // right thing to use. This is better than creating variables outside and setting them // from the action function to keep state from one action to the next b.action_(Routine { |butt| var synth, guessVal; update.value(butt, "there are only two states"); 0.yield; // stop here update.value(butt, "click me"); 0.yield; // stop here update.value(butt, "click me again"); 0.yield; // stop here .. // create a synth synth = { |freq = 1000, rate = 5| Ringz.ar( Impulse.ar(rate.lag(4) * [1,1.01]), freq, rrand(0.01, 0.1), 0.3 ) }.play; 0.yield; guessVal = exprand(200.0, 18000).round; synth.set(\freq, guessVal); // set the synth update.value(butt, "?"); 0.yield; update.value(butt, guessVal.asString + "Hz"); // display frequency 0.yield; synth.set(\rate, rrand(10, 50)); // set trigger rate // start an independent process fork({ 5.wait; synth.release; update.value(butt, "."); 1.wait; w.close }, AppClock); }); CmdPeriod.doOnce({w.close}); w.front; }); )

Complex drag and drop example try dragging the buttons to white slot, and then between white slots, or simply out of the view.( var w, f, slots; var insert, remove; slots = Dictionary.new; remove = {arg slot, id; [slot, id].postln; }; insert = {arg slot, fx; if(fx != ""){ slots["slot"++slot].value_(0).states_([[fx, Color.white, Color.blue]]); [slot, fx].postln; }{ slots["slot"++slot].value_(0).states_([["", Color.white, Color.white]]); remove.value(slot, fx); }; }; w = Window.new("",Rect(200, 400, 448, 180)); w.view.decorator = f = FlowLayout(w.view.bounds); StaticText(w, 400@20).string_("Drag & Drop holding down Cmd-key"); f.nextLine; 6.do{arg i; var fxwin, winOpen = false, empty = ["", Color.white, Color.white]; slots["slot" ++ i] = Button.new(w, 70@70) .states_([empty]) .action_({|v| if((slots["slot" ++ i].states[0][0] != "") && ( winOpen == false)) { fxwin = Window(slots["slot" ++ i].states[0][0], Rect(rrand(0, 500),rrand(0, 500),200, 200)).front; fxwin.view.background_(Color.rand); fxwin.onClose_({ winOpen = false}); winOpen = true } { if(winOpen == true) { fxwin.front } }; }) .canReceiveDragHandler_({ View.currentDrag.isString }) .receiveDragHandler_({ insert.value(i, View.currentDrag) }) .beginDragAction_({ var drag; drag = slots["slot" ++ i].states[0][0]; slots["slot" ++ i].value_(0).states_([empty]); remove.value(i, View.currentDrag); drag; }) .keyDownAction_({ arg view,char,modifiers,unicode,keycode; switch(keycode) { 51 } { slots["slot"++i].value_(0).states_([empty]); slots["slot"++i].refresh; remove.value(i, View.currentDrag); }; }); }; f.nextLine; ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"].do{ arg item, i; Button.new(w, 70@70) .states_([ [ item ] ]) .action_({ |v| }) .beginDragAction_({item}) }; w.front; )